Large rotating generators such as fossil-fuel based generation, nuclear and hydropower inherently provide inertia. However, the EU Green Deal and REPowerEU set the EU target for deployment of renewable energy up to 45% by 2030. This means that converter-based renewable energy generators such as wind and solar PV will have to displace a large share of synchronous generators in operation today. With larger share of variable renewables, general system stability measures are needed to uphold secure operation of the power system. Converter-based generators may be able to contribute to system inertia and maintain system stability by acquiring certain advanced capabilities called grid forming.
This position paper suggests a framework on how these grid-forming capabilities should be defined, developed, and funded. It is structured in three parts: recommendations for the technical framework, market design aspects and necessary regulatory changes.
